LIU Changshi, WAN Cheng, ZHU Yongjun, LUO Liang, LI Junyu
Accepted: 2024-10-23
Aiming at partial area restrictions and the coexistence of fuel vehicles and electric vehicles in urban logistics systems, an optimizing model is constructed for open routing of mixed vehicle fleet by considering the factors such as customer demand, service time, electric vehicle capacity, power consumption, fuel vehicle capacity, fuel consumption and carbon emissions. The goal of the model is to minimize the total distribution cost. According to the delivery process of electric vehicles, an allocation strategy is designed for electric vehicle remaining capacity, which includes pre-positioning strategy, mid-positioning strategy, and post-positioning strategy. On this basis, a hybrid genetic algorithm (HGA) is developed according to the characteristics of the model. The experiments are conducted based on multiple types of instances. The experimental results show that HGA can plan the vehicle routes reasonably by comprehensively utilizing the pre-positioning strategy, mid-positioning strategy, and post-positioning strategy for electric vehicle remaining capacity. HGA can fully exploit non-restricted area customers along the electric vehicle driving routes. The proposed approaches can expand the service range of electric vehicles, make full use of electric vehicle capacity, reduce the number of fuel vehicles, shorten the vehicle travel distance, and decrease carbon emissions and fuel consumption during the delivery process. HGA provides vehicle routing solution for mixed fleet that meets the decision maker's objectives within a very short time. These results demonstrate the feasibility and rationality of HGA.